I am sure that all copper infrastructure users are wondering what is copper infrastructure. As it is known, the internet infrastructure started to be established with telephone cables. If you are asking why telephone cables are preferred, I would like to answer it.
After electricity became widespread, electrical cables began to be drawn from transformers to houses, and poles were erected on the streets and the cables were hung on these poles and began to wander around the streets. After the street lighting was installed, the number of these cables started to increase. Since the lighting lamps only work at night, since there is a permanent electrical connection in the existing electrical cables, one more cable was drawn and street lighting started to be installed.
Telegraph, which is the first channel of communication, is a coding system transmitted over a long distance with a light electric current carried by two cables. After electricity, telegraph cables were drawn between cities. Afterwards, the transition from telegraph to telephone started and these cables were used for telephone. With the use of telephones in homes and workplaces, telephone cables began to circulate in the streets besides electricity and lighting cables. Since the telephone and electricity companies were different, they erected poles and built lines independently of each other. Now we come to the question of what is copper infrastructure.
What is Dial-Up Infrastructure?
In the steps taken to spread the Internet, the Dial-Up (dial-up network) system was developed, in which both voice and data traffic can be transmitted over telephone cables, considering that there are currently both electricity and telephone cables, and internet cables are not to be drawn.
What is ADSL Infrastructure?
Due to the insufficient connection speed of Dial-Up, new searches were made and the DSL system was developed and the ADSL connection model entered our lives first.
When ADSL was first developed, it could reach speeds of 4 Mbps and provided 8 times faster speeds than Dial-Up, which carried a maximum of 512Kbps traffic. With the developing technology, ADSL2 and ADSL2+ came into our lives and speeds up to 24 Mbps were started to be supported according to the distance to the exchange. On the upload side, the highest speed was 1 Mbps.
What is VDSL Infrastructure?
With the inadequacy of ADSL, VDSL entered our lives and speed profiles in VDSL started to offer higher downloads and uploads. While the devices used in VDSL technology in Turkey can operate signals up to 120-130 Mbps with the 17a profile, Türk Telekom allows a profile definition with a maximum speed of 100 Mbps. Again, on the upload side, while there is the possibility to reach speeds up to 40 Mbps, a maximum of 4 Mbps upload was provided until the 2019 pandemic, while these speeds were temporarily doubled with the increasing needs after the pandemic.
How Many Mbps is the Maximum Speed in VDSL Infrastructure?
With the newly released 35b profile in VDSL technology, DSLAMs and cards support speeds up to 350 Mbps. However, Türk Telekom does not prefer new generation DSLAMs and VDSL cards (ports) since investments will be made in GPON technology (fiber) in Turkey.
In DSL technology, it is no longer preferred by Türk Telekom since your internet speed is affected by your distance from the switchboard. It aims to reach unlimited internet speed at unlimited distance by investing in GPON rather than switching to the VDSL 35b profile. Although GPON technology is currently increasing to 1.25 Gbps speeds, 10 Gbps speeds can be reached with a module change.
